RETRACTED: molecular forms of HMGB1 and keratin-18 as mechanistic biomarkers for mode of cell death and prognosis during clinical acetaminophen …

DJ Antoine, RE Jenkins, JW Dear, DP Williams… - 2012 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Full length keratin-18 (FL-K18) and High Mobility Group Box-1
(HMGB1) represent circulating indicators of necrosis during acetaminophen (APAP)
hepatotoxicity in vivo. In addition, the caspase-cleaved fragment of K18 (cK18) and hyper-
acetylated HMGB1 represent serum indicators of apoptosis and immune cell activation,
respectively. The study aim was to assess their mechanistic utility to establish the balance
between apoptosis, necrosis, and immune cell activation throughout the time course of …